non ionized atom

In this thesis, we briefly introduced the basic concepts of intense laser field, relative atomic experimental phenomena and theories on atomic ionization.

本文首先简要介绍了强场物理的基本概念和相关的原子物理现象,以及研究原子电离现象的有关理论。

Isoelectronic atomic model and ionization potentials of atoms;

等电子原子模型与原子电离势